Aquamarines, Diamonds, Emeralds, Opals, Pearls, Ruby, Sapphire, Spinels, Topaz, Birthstones

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You are at > Women > Fashion Jewellery > List of Gemstones

A number of gemstones have gained fame, either because of their size and beauty or because of the people who owned or wore them. A list of famous gemstones follows.

Aquamarines
The Giant Aquamarine

Diamonds
The Allnatt Diamond, a large Fancy Vivid Yellow diamond
The Amsterdam Diamond, a 33.74 carat (6.748 g) black diamond which sold for $352,000 in 2001
The Centenary Diamond, the world's largest colorless (grade D), flawless diamond
The Cullinan Diamond, the largest rough gem-quality diamond ever found at 3106.75 carats (621.35 g). It was cut into 105 diamonds including the Cullinan I or the Great Star of Africa, 530.2 carats (106.04 g), and the Cullinan II or the Lesser Star of Africa, 317.4 carats (63.48 g).
The Darya-ye Noor Diamond, the best known diamond of the Iranian Crown Jewels
The Deepdene, widely considered to be the largest irradiated diamond in the world
The De Young Red Diamond, the third-largest known Fancy Vivid Red
The Dresden Green Diamond - its colour is the result of natural irradiation
The Dudley Diamond
The Eugenie Blue Diamond
The Excelsior Diamond, the largest known diamond in the world prior to the Cullinan
The Florentine Diamond, a lost diamond, light yellow with a weight of 137.27 carats (27.45 g).
The Golden Jubilee, the largest faceted diamond ever cut at 545.67 carats (109.13 g)
The Great Chrysanthemum Diamond
The Great Mogul Diamond
The Heart of Eternity Diamond, perhaps the largest Fancy Vivid Blue
The Hope Diamond, blue and supposedly cursed. Almost certainly cut from the French Blue Diamond
The Hortensia Diamond
The Idol's Eye
The Incomparable Diamond, a golden diamond of 407.48 carats (81.496 g) cut from an 890 carat (178 g) rough diamond of the same name - it appeared on eBay in 2002
The Jones Diamond
The Jubilee Diamond, originally known as the Reitz Diamond; the sixth largest in the world.
The Kimberley Diamond
The Koh-i-Noor, very old (mentioned in Baburnama of 1526) and surrounded by legend and believed to be the most precious.
The Lesotho Promise, is the 15th largest diamond, the 10th largest white diamond, and the largest diamond to be found in 13 years
The Millennium Star, the second largest colorless (grade D), flawless diamond.
The Moussaieff Red Diamond, the largest known Fancy Vivid Red
The Nizam Diamond
The Ocean Dream Diamond, the only known natural Fancy Deep Blue-Green
The Oppenheimer Diamond, one of the largest uncut diamonds in the world
The Orlov, an Indian rose cut rumored to have served as the eye of a Hindu statue
The Paragon Diamond
The Portuguese Diamond
The Premier Rose Diamond, 137.02 carat (27.4 g) stone cut from a 353.9 carat (70.8 g) rough gem of the same name
The Pumpkin Diamond, perhaps the largest Fancy Vivid Orange
The Red Cross Diamond
The Regent Diamond, formerly belonging to Louis XV, Louis XVI and Napoleon Bonaparte, it now resides in the Louvre
The Sancy, a pale yellow diamond currently in the Louvre
The Shah Diamond, very old yellow diamond (found approximately in 1450 in India) currently housed in the Diamond Fund in Kremlin
The Spirit of de Grisogono Diamond, the world's largest cut Black
The Spoonmaker's Diamond, 86 carat (17 g) diamond housed in Topkapı Palace in Istanbul.
The Star of Arkansas
The Star of the East, 95 carat (19 g) stone once owned by Mrs Evalyn McLean of Washington DC, who also owned the Hope Diamond
The Star of the South
The Steinmetz Pink Diamond, the largest known Fancy Vivid Pink
The Taylor-Burton Diamond
The Tiffany Diamond
The Uncle Sam Diamond, the largest discovered in the United States
The Vargas


Emeralds
The Duke of Devonshire Emerald
The Gachala Emerald
The Mackay Emerald


Opals
The Andamooka Opal, presented to Queen Elizabeth II, also known as the Queen's Opal
The Aurora Australis Opal, considered to be the most valuable black opal
The Black Prince Opal, originally known as Harlequin Prince
The Empress of Australia Opal
The Fire Queen Opal
The Flame Queen Opal
The Flamingo Opal
The Halley's Comet Opal, the world's largest uncut black opal
The Jupiter Five Opal
The Olympic Australis Opal, reported to be the largest and most valuable gem opal ever found
The Pride of Australia Opal, also known as the Red Emperor Opal
The Red Admiral Opal, also known as the Butterfly Stone


Pearl
The Pearl of Lao Tzu


Ruby
The DeLong Star Ruby
The Hixon Ruby Crystal
The Midnight Star Ruby
The Neelanjali Ruby
The Rajaratna Ruby
The Rosser Reeves Ruby


Sapphires
The Logan sapphire
The Queen Marie of Romania Sapphire
The Ruspoli Sapphire
The Star of Asia Star Sapphire
The Star of Bombay, given to Mary Pickford by Douglas Fairbanks, Sr
The Star of India, the largest and most famous star sapphire in the world
The Stuart Sapphire


Spinels
The Black Prince's Ruby, actually a spinel mounted on the Imperial State Crown
The Samarian Spinel, the world's largest spinel
The Timur Ruby, believed to be a ruby until 1851


Topaz
The American Golden Topaz, the largest cut yellow topaz weighing nearly 23000 carats (4.6 kg).


Birthstone
Gem stone associated with a specific month of the year. Like the jewelry equivalent of a zodiac sign, birthstones have their roots in ancient astrology. Birthstone lists have changed over the years, but today’s has been around since the U.S. jewelry industry published it in the 1950s.

January: Garnet

February: Amethyst

March: Aquamarine

April: Diamond

May: Emerald

June: Pearl and/or Moonstone

July: Ruby

August: Peridot

September: Sapphire

October: Opal

November: Citrine, Topaz

December: Turquoise, Zircon

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List of Gemstones, Birthstones, Types of Diamonds, Pearls, Opals